Effect of high nitrate contamination of groundwater on human health and water quality index in semi-arid region, South India

Abstract The specific objective of the present is to evaluate human health issue due continuous consumption nitrate-contaminated groundwater among various age groups people. In study, 40 samples were collected during post-monsoon season, and major ions analysed in a laboratory. Chadha plot revealed that weathering parent rocks, ion exchange process leaching salts from rocks are primary sources contamination. Nitrate concentration varied 24 78 mg/L with mean 46.45 mg/L. Nitrogen pollution index (NPI) value divulged 40% 17.5% sample locations moderately significantly polluted elevated nitrate groundwater. risk assessment model issues which infants > kids children aged peoples adults. nitrate’s identified using synthetic fertilizers, uncovered septic tanks improper disposal household waste residential area. Therefore, periodic inspection water supply, check-up underground pipelines remedial measures should be taken reduce severe effects drinking study